Oh and I like dogs but dog people kind of irritate as they always say or think negative stuff about cats, like cats are arseholes. Finally, even if cat numbers were vastly reduced, they were not wiped out. Im on the fence about getting an electronic cat that responds to touch (i.e., purring, meowing and flicking its robotic tail) but I can see why Egyptians of antiquity fell in love with cats. But feline-human relations deteriorated sometime in the early 1230s (CE) when Pope Gregory IX issued a papal bull called Vox in Rama. Retrieved from https://news.nationalgeographic.com/2017/06/ravens-memory-unfair-trade/. Cats just arent dogs, and I respect and love them specifically for that reason. April 1st was originally celebrated as the New Year day, until in 1582 Pope . Interestingly enough, Halloween originally a pagan celebration also has Catholic roots in the form of All Hallows Eve, that is the Vigil of All Saints Day, when Catholics remember those who have gone before them to enter their heavenly home. designs at:Threadless.com and Zazzle, Why Cats Were (Wrongly) Blamed for the Black Plague in Europe. If the Nazca thought enough of cats to etch a 37-meter geoglyph of one into the mountain that persists 2,000 years later, they must have thought highly of them. The Pope also gave Conrad carte blanche to deal with all heretics as he saw fit- including permission to disregard usual church rules. The cats play into the picture as they would have normally been instrumental in cutting down the rat populations. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Museum Hack leads small group, VIP museum tours that are fun, fast-paced and surprisingly cool. When an animal is removed from the ecosystem (especially out of fear) it usually causes a chain reaction. But this means that a papal bull that didnt tell people to wipe out cats and was only sent to Mainz somehow influenced the majority of people throughout Europe to kill off all their cats, and to stick to it over the course of the next 115 years. Buy Long Live the Kitty! The flea that bit humans was specific to the black rat anyway. The Black Death came in 1347. In Ypres in Belgium, it was the custom to hurl cats from the belfry of local churches and then set them on fire during the festival of cats or Kattenstoet. (As a side note, the festival continues in modern Belgium but nowKattenstoethonors felines with a parade that features cute effigies of cats, but I digress. In those days, papal inquisitors extracted confessions from prisoners that they worshiped the devil and his black cat by torturing them vigorously. Pope Gregory IV (Latin: Gregorius IV; died 25 January 844) was the bishop of Rome and ruler of the Papal States from October 827 to his death. The novice kisses him and feels cold, [like] ice, and after the kiss the memory of the [C]atholic faith totally disappears from his heart. Medieval people were indeed superstitious (but so are modern people), and cats are great but, lets face ittheyre assh*les. Granted, Im sure it was easier to get into back then, but thats right in the Medieval period. Much like modern-day Chicago, Egypt had a rat problem. The cat throwing. They spread via trade boats. Ugolino di Conti was born around 11451170 in Anagni, Rome. I didnt expect to read the whole article, but I found myself tickled in all the right places, so dear sir, I did indeed finish the article in its entirety. Name is important in the papacy as it is seen as a signal of how their reign is envisioned. Great read! In 1233, Pope Gregory IX's "Vox in Rama," a warning against the perils of witchcraft, accused its targets of canoodling with a black cat that was actually Lucifer in disguise. While the fact is pretty obscure on whether the papal bull is directly influenced by Konrad, he is known as a zeal that is set on to burn every last heretic. What he did caused the persecution of domestic and stray cats for 500 years. This timeline stretched from 1346 to 1353, a little more than a century after Gregory. For example, 79 medieval cats were mysteriously slain in Cambridge, England, by the townsfolk in the 13th century. I have no idea where you get the idea that cats place is in the wild. DeAgostini/Getty Images. It was also a time when, people many believe, Pope Gregory IX hated on cats. Plague. For he had inherited the problem of heresies which were blossoming across thirteenth century Christian Europe and challenging the 'universal' church. The cat thing is a footnote in his story. The Bubonic plague was carried not by rats themselves but their fleas; fleas which could just as easily transfer to dogs- and cats. Good luck keeping them down for half a millennium.6, Maybe the biggest hole in the cat theory comes from the history of the plague. 1999. Based on these confessions, in 1233 Pope Gregory IX issued an official papal decree declaring that Satan was half-cat and sometimes took the form of cat. Both rats and pigeons would make a great next plague material though, The bull does not, however, dictate that Catholics across Europe kill all cats to stop Satan Islam doesnt tell Muslims to kill pigs but they still chase and try to kill one by kicking and hitting if they see it on the street because they believe it is evil and forbidden. His pontificate was notable for the papacy's attempts to intervene in the quarrels between Emperor Louis the Pious and his sons. On October 11, 1231, he appointed Conrad as the first grand inquisitor of Germany. Pope Gregory IX (Source: les.tresors.de.lys.free.fr) This isa cautionary tale to all you cat haters out there. Cats dont generally take on rats. Though, really, they were dealing with a cat infestation and decided to make it an excuse to drink. Retrieved from http://www.kattenstoet.be/en/page/497-511/the-cat-throwing.html, MedicineNet.com. Was considering writing a song about the folly of feline flaying, now Im not so sure. You can say that Im addicted to it. Some people are sick. By 1198 under the reign of his cousin, Pope Innocent III, Ugolino was named the cardinal deacon of St. Eustachius and quickly rose as one of the most prominent cardinals. ALL ANIMALS ARE BEAUTIFUL, EVERY SPECIES KNOWN IS A JOY TO BEHOLD, EVERY ONE, RIGHT DOWN TO THE HIPPO, THE PIGS, EQUINES, PACHYDERMS , FELINES, CANINES, BOVINES. Then, when the rats came bearing the Plague, there were no mousers left to keep the disease in check.3. Cat burning became a favorite medieval pastime in France, where cats were suspended over fires in cages or doused and set alight- even chased on fire through the streets by cat chasers. The reforms were based on the suggestions of the Italian scientist Luigi Lilio, with some modifications by the Jesuit mathematician and astronomer Christopher Clavius. Pope Gregory IX (1147-1241). On June 13, 1233, Gregory issued the Vox in Rama, an official papal decree declaring that Satan was half-cat and sometimes took the form of a cat during Satanic masses. The mass killing of those docile beautiful creatures is despicable. A pandemic so severe that it kills more than 50 million people in Europe in a couple of years, and killed more than 200 million people worldwide. Thou Shalt not suffer a Cat to Live: Why Pope Gregory IXs Vox in Rama Implicated Cats in Devil Worship. AKSHAY. (Accessed 2018, June 1). There are two things we need to shed light on; whether Gregory IX endorse the newly-coined cathunt and whether the cathunt directly correlates with the black plague that happens 100 years after. The account began by describing the initiation of novices to the coven. That was the first church document condemning black cats as instruments of satan. Wikimedia Commons. Home; About; Contacts; Location; FAQ Cats are not assholes, as this writer and many dog lovers like to repeat endlessly (and its SO tiresome to listen). The Vox (or Voice in Rama, after the city of Ramah in ancient Judah) beseeched the archbishops Mainz and Hildesheim to lend their full support to Conrad in his efforts to root out the cult and its adherents. For Conrad in his quest for heretics around Mainz and Hildesheim claimed to have uncovered a Luciferian cult. Classical Cats: The Rise and fall of the Sacred Cat, Donald W Engels, Psychology Press. Although witch trials did occur on a local scale, they were mainly for the practice of pre-Christian beliefs and tried in secular rather than ecclesiastical courts. Homeless Cats Recruited to Fight Rising Tide of Rats, Erika Engelhaupt National Geographical, September 29, 2017. Pope Innocent VIII came to power in the late 1400s, during the throes of witch crusades in Western Europe. (2016, May 4). These were, however, local affairs and dont serve as proof of the kind of massive cat recall modern folks have inferred from Pope Gregory IXs bull. Its disgusting the way people treat and exploit these great animals. They catch cockroaches, snakes, and scorpions too. This was seen as a critical time as the sixth crusade had recently been defeated in Damietta, Egypt. The truth is that cats could not have prevented the black death. Retrieved from https://www.britannica.com/event/Black-Death, Georgievska, Marija. But in the final analysis cats just arent dogs. For years there was a debate if the Black Death and the Bubonic Plague were the same, adding speculation to the rat spreading theory. Like a lot of other myths about history from the Middle Ages, the idea that Europeans wiped out cats and then paid for it with the Black Death makes more sense the less you think about it. Wikimedia Commons. Even today, the Vatican still throws shade at cats. Where once these creatures had been common household animals, they were now regarded as dangerous, unpredictable and demonic. The Black Plague did happen. In the 13th century, Pope Gregory IX, pope from 1227-1241, believed that cats actually carried the spirit of Satan himself within them. It also provided a remarkably full account of their Satanic rite. Conrads methods for identifying heretics were questionable to some. They were pure evil seeking nothing but power & control of the population. ABORTION SHOULD BE THE ANSWER IN ALL COUNTRIES, ALONG SIDE LAWS THAT WOULD PREVENT THE POPULATION GROWTH FROM EXPANDING . Is the Vox in Rama authentic? And whatever else fleas like to nosh on.8. Is the Vox in Rama authentic? After food, clothing and medicine, the fourth item is cosmetics and the fifth is pets, he said, referring to a study on where most peoples income goes. This info on Pope Gregory the ASSWHOLE is just another scandal caused by a Pope. (2010, February 4). Your writing is comical! In the decree, he declared that Satan is half cat and claimed that there were . I suppose its possible that Vox in Rama simply set the stage for a cat-killing trend that would, generations later, result in the Black Death. Ive written before about whycats are strange including the reasons cats like to walk all over you, knead you and are afraid of cucumbers. The Nazcacat geoglyphwas only discovered last October. Lastly, a bit of science about the plague: the disease is caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis and is initially transmitted by fleas, which pass it to their hosts. The purpose of Vox in Rama, rather, was to condemn a cult that had allegedly popped up in the Rhinelandand the bull was specifically sent to the city of Mainz. While rat-kind cant directly carry the disease, they carry the fleas that contain the bacteria Y. Pestis. Pope Gregory IX initiated the feline holocaust in Europe which was to continue . Its believed by some that the plague spread, at least in part,via rats. Because the powers that be dictated that the cat composed one of the main identifiers of a witch, the Church officially excommunicated the entire species. Eventually, the ItalianRenaissance would put this so far in the rearview, all we could think about wasfrilly collars. Wolves/dogs integrated themselves into society. It came from was Asia, but it is still believed by many to have traveled on the backs of fleas living on rats. As it went into the fourth and fifth years ! The following rites of this [sect] are carried out: When any novice is to be received among them and enters the sect of the damned for the first time, the shape of a certain frog [or toad] appears to him. Cats Blamed for Spreading the Plague During the Middle Ages, it wasn't uncommon for cats to be killed, given their association with evil, Compora says. Denmarks Fastelavn held at the start of lent was based on the premise that for spring to begin, evil had to be banished. In the meantime, accusations of witchcraft began to spread amongst the ordinary people, as a way of settling grudges or seizing property and cats began to be used as proof of satanic association. No one can say for sure how many cats were killed because of the association made between them and witchcraft by the Vox in Rama. What Im seeing here is a well-researched fact piece angering someone who kinda half-remembers something she thinks she read somewhere this one time. On March 19, 1227, 80-year-old cardinal Ugolino di Segni became Pope Gregory IX. Without them, pests would run wild, and not just rats. They not only killed rodents, hence less infected animals but they themselves are more likely to get bit for you, with their sweet tasting blood. Though the Nazca Lines themselves werent discovered until 1926, when air travel started to become common, its been a World Heritage site since 1994, and is famous for its humming bird and astronaut geoglyphs. Writing is my first love. In Belgium, an entire festival, Kattenstoet, is dedicated to throwing cats from buildings and burning them in the streets. Interestingly enough, the author of the article writes that one reason cats are evil is that they are the favored pets of witches. Actually, witches both modern ones and the one who were burned at the stake during Middle Ages owned cats because being close to nature is central to theirreligious beliefs. I do support single mothers though, especially those willing to give me 2 for 1 lapdance specials, but I digress. Plague in Cats. At first glance, these rites, with their orgies and obscenities seem to be deliberately far-fetched. Consider a quote from Rastafari leader Haile Selassie; Throughout history it has been the inaction of those who could have acted, the indifference of those who should have known better, the silence of the voice of justice when it mattered most, that has made it possible for evil to triumph. Iz just as true during Dark Ages as iz now. Where do we get our stuff? Gregory IX approved the Northern Crusades of the Teutonic Order, the purpose of which was the baptism of the Baltic pagan peoples, and which led to the attempts of the Catholic colonialists to seize the lands of Pskov and Novgorod principalities. Which means that killing off the rats main predators was probably not the best idea. And anyone who tries to understand them as the devil incarnate or as a female marker hasnt spent enough time enjoying a cat walking all over them, kneading them or running from cucumbers. Thanks for publishing! However, it was also a piece of papal legislation that was notable in another way, for the Vox was the first papal bull to associate the cat with witchcraft. It wasn't until Pope Gregory IX came to power in the 1200s that black cats became a symbol of bad luck. Omniverous diet, free bleeders- cats and other mammals? You wouldnt hate that, would you? That evil came to be neatly personified in the form of black cats that were beaten to death to purge the new season of evil spirits. Yet, in 2014 Pope Francis sparked an uproar by telling a girl whos cat who had died that she would be reunited Gods creatures in Paradise except for cats, who end up in hell. His papacy started when hereticism run rampant in Europe, and yet, by the end of his term, he saw the completion of one of the most important canon law in the Catholic Church known as the Decretales Gregorii IX, Decretales Gregorii IX, As one might have predicted, thereafter, mass slaughters of cats blanked Europe. Answer: This looks like a job for History for Atheists! Nature tries to maintain a balance .. dogs, cats, chickens, and snakes all relate well to preying upon rats and fleas. People can make all manner of animals do what we likewe can teach oxen to plow, dogs to fetch game, elephants to paint, and ravens to hold grudges.2 But you cant make a cat do anything. Public Domain. In other words, the Europeans were murdering their best ally in the war against the pandemic. No one can say for sure how many cats were killed because of the association made between them and witchcraft by the Vox in Rama. The same evil popes who say God created all creatures of the earth, yet they, wantonly murdered these defenseless creatures of the earth that God created. Yes, I did say an astronaut that looks suspiciously like Neil Armstrong was carved in the face of the earth two millennia ago. Used as widespread clickbait, a frequently repeated story claims that in the 13th century Pope Gregory IX, who led the Catholic Church from 1227 to 1241 and has been remembered for initiating the Papal Inquisition against heretics, suffered from a serious case of cat contempt. Costs of living dropped. For some reason, we find the idea that our ancestors were dumb rather appealing. Id rather see them in the wild doing what cats are meant to do than as someones indoor pet. They both carry fleas, only the mice never jump in my lap and bunt their head-glands all over my jeans. February 8, 2013. Retrieved from https://owlcation.com/humanities/Cats-and-the-Black-Plague, Encyclopaedia Britannica. Even those among us who love cats (not me, I like dogs) freely admit that they are mercurial and probably evil animals that deal death for fun and would eat our eyes if they got the chance. So, Im not so sure cats stop the plague. However, historian Donald Engel believes that the Vox acted as a death warrant for the cat. Furthermore, several more black plagues would hit the world in the 18th century or so, and it's unlikely that the cat population still suffers the cathunt after hundred of years. In this case, with no cats around, disease-carrying rats multiplied like crazy, spreading the Plague. From there, its just a couple of logical leaps to the connection to the Black Death: inspired by Pope Greg IXs bull, everyone across Europe killed off all the cats. The Vox described the depraved rituals of the cult in detail, portraying the devil worshipped by the witches as a shadowy half cat and half man figure. Cats, dogs, horses, humans. Ugolino assumes the mantle of the pope immediately in the papal election of 1227 after the death of Pope Honorius III (Conrad of Urach was chosen initially, but declined). Not only did the Egyptians hold the cat sacred in the form of Bast, a warrior goddess associated with fertility and the moon, but so too did the Romans, for whom the cat was one of the symbols of the goddess of freedom, Liberta. This persecution was so savage that some scholars believe that by the 1300s, Europes cat numbers were sufficiently depleted to prevent them efficiently killing rats and mice- thus allowing the bubonic plague to spread. Those arrested by Conrad, therefore, had only two options: admit to heresy and spend the rest of their lives as a known former heretic or burn. Not only were they a source of companionship they were also a status symbol and source of worship. Purina. And thats the official take on Halloween from theVatican News. And it gets repeated because it feels right to many people - it makes our ancestors look stupid and so make. To learn more about me and my digital travels, visit myTwitterpage. By rough estimates, as many as 200 million people died. As a journalist, I spoke daily with public affairs officers who represented diverse government and corporate clients. https://www.english-heritage.org.uk/learn/histories/eight-witchcraft-myths/. In 2019, Profs and Pints, an organization that was founded to democratize higher learning, hosted an event that was designed to demystify the magical, spiritual and even sexualdepictions of catsin media and society. Then each [returns] to his place and, speaking certain responses, they incline their heads toward to cat. The mass murder of cats was not the only cause of the Black Plague, but it removed a crucial natural predator of the flea-carrying rats that spread the disease. Classical Cats: The Rise and fall of the Sacred Cat, Donald W Engels, Psychology Press. But this time, Pope Francis is focusing on all pets saying that people spend way too much money on furry friends. On January 23, 1229, he sent messages to Riga, Lubeck, Sweden, to Gotland with an appeal to begin . The proverbial compendium of collective human knowledge at that point was certainly shorter and harder to access than it is now, but people back then still used their brains. ANIMALS ARE BECOMING EXTINCT BECAUSE OF THE GREAT AMOUNT OF NEEDLESS BABIES BEING BORN. Retrieved from https://academic.oup.com/ehr/article-abstract/CXXII/498/1075/457108/The-Black-Death-in-Egypt-and-England-A-Comparative?redirectedFrom=fulltext, Kattenstoet. The Bubonic plague was carried not by rats themselves but their fleas; fleas which could just as easily transfer to dogs- and cats. Theres one thing you havent considered. The Church had already accused the Waldenses of worshipping the devil in the form of a cat. But myths often transcend evidence, dont they? On June 13, 1233, the Pope issued the Vox in Rama to King Henry of Germany. Cats, especially black cats, were now seen as evil and representatives of the . That was when Ugolino was over 80 years old. While ancient Egyptians would have rathersurrenderto invading army than harm a hand on a cat, the belief by others that cats cannot be trained to be loyal and obedient like a dog, was a source ofanxietyover cats during medieval times. That is the well-accepted history, but is it really true? On a personal level, my parents taught me the value of travel when I was young, and since then,Ive been an avid traveler I have visited 20 countries. Even for modern times, that is not a young age to take on the papal role. If the Black Death was airborne, then rats had nothing to do with it, exonerating Gregory. Another belief is that the plague wasairborne. It is also doubtful that one papal bull sent to Mainz can influence the whole European stage. "The whole story is one of those pseudo historical urban myths that keeps getting repeated despite the fact it's complete nonsense. The Popes were all lecherous greedy thieves seeking nothing but power for themselves & their families. Black Death. Here are our sources? Statues of black cats dont come to life, and you sure as sh*t cant get a cat to walk backwards and let you kiss its butthole.5. But still, cultural images of cats being a marker of femininity didnt sprout fromVogue,any more than the idea that cats are plain evil stem fromSports Illustrated. The Sphinx being the most obvious representation of their reverence of cats, Egyptians also covered their walls with images ofregal-lookingcats and made fine statues of them too. Cats that I know are devoted to their humans my dog runs off as soon as the door is open, my cat sits on my knee, engages in conversation with me, stays closeby our home, and kills lots of mice, bringing them to me rather than eating them cats keep down rodent populations for farmers and humans who store and eat grain etc definitely as handy as dogs. When an animal is removed from the ecosystem (especially out of fear) it usually causes a chain reaction. At length, when the novice has come forward, [he] is met by a man of wondrous pallor who has black eyes and is so emaciated [and] thin that since his flesh has been wasted, seems to have remaining only skin drawn over bone. People banged drums and kept the sparrow in the air not permitting them to land until they died of exhaustion! Even today, the police department of Salem, Massachusetts, where witch trials executed 20 women for witchcraft, uses the image of a witch on a broomstick on theirpolice cruisers. Gregory was a reluctant pontiff- and not just because of his age. Firstly, they are greeted by an abnormally large frog or toad, whose behind they must kiss and then a man of fearful pallor and thinness whose task was to suck out every last remnant of faith in the Catholic Church from their soul. The truth of the plague variations that wiped out Europe is, they were the results of a perfect storm. Unfortunately, modern DNA testing allowed us to dig into the causes of death from aging corpses. Then, there is the fact that cats just arent good ratters-, which is why dogs; especially terriers are employed to catch rodents. Pope Gregory IX did not say cats are evil, and did not order people to kill cats. Did Pope Gregorys comfort with the law cause him tooverstephis station as the pope? THE RELIGIOUS SECTOR ARE OUT OF THEIR MINDS W/ THEIR POOR REASONING OF ENCOURAGING BIG FAMILIES. Some historians have forgiven the rats. Dear Sir, With Halloween is around the corner, Chairman Meow is reminded of a time hundreds of years ago when similar institutional dogma helped fuel the outbreak of The Black Plague across Europe, leading to the (ignorant) mass killing of cats in the 14th century. If these furry creatures association with fictitious international criminals isnt enough, cats also have been linked to witchcraft: In the Middle Ages, women who owned black cats came under suspicion as did the cats, who were assumed to bewitches in disguise and were burned at the stake. The papal inquisition rained down justice on heretics, the people who spoke out against church canon. 1958 China Chairman Mao and the great leap forward he had designs on wiping out the four evils Conrad had initially been involved in the persecution of the Cathars and enjoyed significant successes during the Albigensian crusade of 1209 -1229. And the Black Death didnt just travel to Europeit did its thing in Egypt, too, where it may have done more damage than it did in England.7. The fleas will jump on to the cat and then you can dose the cat to kill them. By Gregorys decree, there was a target on the head of every black cat. Why did Pope Gregory IX issue Vox in Rama in the first place? Gregory IX. Encyclopedia of World Biography, Encyclopedia.com. Anyone with a thing against cats may get some satisfaction from a weird history "fact" circulating on the internet. 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Not order people to kill cats would run wild, and not just rats England, by townsfolk. Dumb rather appealing now regarded as dangerous, unpredictable and demonic ) it usually causes a chain reaction document. Cats from buildings and burning them in the late 1400s, during the throes of witch crusades in Europe. - it makes our ancestors were dumb rather appealing song about the folly of feline flaying now! Rama in the first church document condemning black cats, were now as. Unfortunately, modern DNA testing allowed us to dig into the causes of death from aging.. The ANSWER in all COUNTRIES, ALONG SIDE LAWS that would PREVENT the population never in. As someones indoor pet can dose the cat Im seeing here is a footnote his! Interestingly enough, the author of the great AMOUNT of NEEDLESS BABIES BEING born rained down justice on heretics the!: Threadless.com and Zazzle, Why cats were mysteriously slain in Cambridge,,... W/ their POOR REASONING of ENCOURAGING BIG families Wrongly ) Blamed for the black.!
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